钢笔论坛

标题: 转贴:德国Bock GmbH笔尖代工厂访谈 [打印本页]
作者: long37    时间: 2005-5-6 01:23
标题: 转贴:德国Bock GmbH笔尖代工厂访谈
<>英文原文:</P>
<>Nibs - Made in Germany</P>
<>As the big BMW pulled away from our hotel in Frankfurt, the driver thoughtfully asked if traveling on the autobahn at speeds over 200 kilometers per hour (125 mph) would be uncomfortable for us. We looked at one another, grinned like two kids in a candy store, and replied in unison, "No problem !" </P>
<>"Welcome to Germany!" I thought as we accelerated toward Heidelberg. In less than one hour, Howard Levy, founder of the Bexley Pen Company, and I would visit Peter Bock GmbH for an in-depth look at how they manufacture nibs. We were about to see the culmination of more than 60 years of nib-making expertise. It would prove to be a fountain pen lover's dream. </P>
<>We were warmly greeted by the owner, Otto Bock, and his assistant, Karin Bauschulte. As vintage pen collectors, Howard and I were eager to talk with them about their decades of experience in the fountain pen industry . </P>
<>
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2005-5/2005561552362.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" />
Entrance to the headquarters of Bock GmbH. Bock is the family name
of the founder. It also means "ram" in German, thus, the statue. </P>
<>
As we chatted, Otto Bock explained that the firm was founded in April, 1939 by his father, Peter. An initial staff of ten people created high-quality, hand-made gold nibs for several pen manufacturers in the Heidelberg area. </P>
<>As a young boy, Otto Bock was fascinated by the work in his father's factory .When he completed his mechanical engineering studies in the early 1950's, he plunged into the automation work that was already occurring at Bock. This investment led to considerable growth in the business, and a staff of 120 people.</P>
<>As Otto Bock reminisced about the pen industry over the past 50 years, he mentioned brands that are familiar today, as well as ones that have become part of history. </P>
<>He explained that one of his father's early customers was C. Josef Lamy, founder of the Lamy pen company. Mr. Lamy had the idea to place advertisements in German newspapers offering fountain pens for sale by mail. Mr. Lamy would receive paid orders, assemble the requested pens, then ship them directly to his customers. This distinctive approach built Lamy's reputation as a reliable manufacturer, providing the foundation for its long success. In the ensuing years, Lamy has grown to the point where it manufactures most of its own nibs. However, when specialty nibs are required, Bock continues its long tradition of serving Lamy's needs. </P>
<P>Mr. Bock mentioned a little known fact about a connection that he has with another Heidelberg company, Mutschler. Philip Mutschler, founder of the Mutschler Fountain Pen Works, was Otto Bock's uncle (his mother's brother). In the 1980's, Mutschler switched its focus from fountain pens to nibs, and purchased nib manufacturing capacity from the Degussa company. Mutschler is now a competitor of Bock's in the nib making business. </P>
<P>He recalled an interesting family connection between two pen companies from the Heidelberg area. During the 1920's and 1930's, Boehler and Osmia were well-known German brands. (Parker Pen owned Osmia for a few years during the late 1930's. The now rare Parker-Osmia Duofolds were produced at that time. ) </P>
<P>Modern day collectors have wondered why Osmia pens are sometimes found with parts clearly labeled Boehler. It is often assumed that these mismatched parts were the result of later repairs. As Mr. Bock recalled, the Boehler and Osmia companies were owned by brothers, who occasionally made parts for each other's pens. This explains why there were a number of Osmia pens that came from the factory with Boehler parts. </P>
<P>In those days, Bock supplied nibs to a number of pen companies. There were four customers in the Heidelberg area: Boehler, Kaweco, Luxor, and Osmia. Other brands included the Buschle Kompaktor from Wueppertal, Fink from Hamburg, Geha from Hannover, Mekurit from Leipzig, Senator from Gross-Biberau, and Soennecken from Bonn. Bock's export business was with Marion Pen Company in Birmingham, England </P>
<P>We chuckled together about whether it was marketing wisdom, or just wry humor, that resulted in a pen brand from Berlin called Argument. (It has the same meaning in German and English.) Mr. Bock told how they marketed their brand by mounting a large replica of their pen on the roof of a Model T Ford that drove about with the brand name, "Argument", written in large letters on the side of the vehicle. </P>
<P>Bock's tradition of being a supplier to numerous pen companies continues today. As we talked, I looked through a sample case of nibs that Bock currently produces. It contained Bock nibs for 31 different brands of fountain pens. Among them were nibs for well-known German and Italian pen manufacturers ... ones that are often assumed to make all of their own nibs. </P>
<P>Since nib-making is so specialized, nib manufacturers have found it necessary to invent their own equipment and processes. During the past six decades, the bedrock of Bock's success has been its ability to produce high-quality nibs in flexible, cost- effective ways. Otto Bock's passion has been to continually invent better ways to achieve the precision and versatility needed to do this. </P>
<P>
[attach]780[/attach]
The Bock GmbH machine shop, where technicians make the equipment used to make nibs.</P>
<P>
In this spirit, we started our tour in the machine shop where they make the equipment that makes the nibs. </P>
<P>Mr. Bock explained how he personally works with pen manufacturers to define the specifications for their nibs. Most customers start by providing the artwork for the appearance of the finished nib. However, if they so wish, Bock has the capability to produce designs as well. </P>
<P>One key variable is how stiff or flexible the nib is to be. We learned that, contrary to conventional wisdom, 18 carat nibs are not inherently more flexible than 14 carat nibs. It depends more on how the gold has been tempered, and the shape of the nib, than the gold content.</P>
<P>
[attach]781[/attach]
A tool and die maker uses an electric measurement
device to check the tolerance of a nib die. </P>
<P>
Once the specifications are finalized, tooling is produced for that specific nib. We were particularly fascinated to watch a skilled technician make the dies used to create the precise shape of the nibs, as well as the decorative "nib art". He used precision electronic measurement equipment to ensure that finished nibs will meet design specifications. Once tooling is ready, the numerous manufacturing steps can begin. </P>
<P>In the world of fountain pens, about 10 times as many steel nibs are produced as gold nibs. However, in financial terms, the picture is quite different. Gold nibs produce much more revenue for a nib-maker since they generally cost more than 50 times as much as steel ones. </P>
<P>We saw gold nibs being made, and learned that the process for making steel nibs is essentially the same. </P>
<P>Here are the 11 steps that we observed while Bock was making gold nibs.</P>
<P>1. The gold used to make nibs arrives in the form of long, flat gold bands round into large rolls. The gold band is somewhat wider than the finished nib length. It is thicker on the side that will become the writing end of the nib, and thinner on the side that will be inserted into the section. (This saves money on the costly gold and allows for a better fit of the nib into the section.) The gold band has been treated to give the combination of flexibility and hardness needed to make proper nibs. </P>
<P>2. We watched the gold banding unwind and feed into presses that punch out nib blanks. At the same time, the "breather hole" was made and the flat blanks were imprinted with their "nib art" (decoration, logos, nib size, carat content of the gold). </P>
<P>
[attach]782[/attach]
This illustrates how nib blanks are stamped out of a band of material and formed.
Note that the "nib art" is created at this stage. </P>
<P>
3. Then, the nib blanks are inserted into hydraulic presses that use 25 tons of pressure to form the gold nibs into their final convex shape. </P>
<P>
[attach]783[/attach]
Technicians operate the hydraulic presses that create the curved nib surface. </P>
<P>
4. A small ball of iridium is welded to the soft gold on the point of the nib. The size of the ball determines the width of the nib. The tip material is commonly called iridium, but is actually an alloy of various metals from the platinum family of metals. A specially-designed electrical resistance welding machine meets the challenge of making sure the very hard iridium tip is firmly attached to the relatively soft gold nib. The result is a tip that can withstand many years of abrasion as the nib slides across paper. </P>
<P>5. Grinding machines, invented by Bock, shape the bottom, top and sides of the nib tip. We remembered that some nib manufacturers do not finish the top of the tip since it is does not touch the paper. Bock nibs are so well finished on the top that you can turn the nib over and nearly always write with the top surface of the nib! </P>
<P>6. A slit is cut from the tip to the breather hole of the nib using a diamond cutting disk no thicker than a human hair. This machine, also invented by Bock, is a marvel of engineering design. It is so precise that designers can create "nib art" that depends upon the slit being precisely in the middle of the nib. We looked at a modern Pelikan gold nib, where it was easy to see that the decorative pattern would have been spoiled if the slit had been cut off-center. </P>
<P>7. Once the nib is split, another grinding operation gives both sides of the tip the best shape for writing performance. It is another engineering marvel to see the nibs do an intricate dance on the grinders to achieve just the right shape. Mr. Bock offered his 10x magnifier so that we could have a look at the finished profile. Karin Bauschulte said, with a twinkle in her voice, "The technical term is shaped like a baby's bottom." </P>
<P>
[attach]784[/attach]
A technician performs a fina quality inspection.</P>
<P>
8. We watched a technician take a container of nibs and electronically measure each one to ensure that the nib widths met Bock's tight quality standards. It was a testament to the maxim that quality must be built in. Nib after nib was made exactly to specification. None had to be rejected. </P>
<P>9. Next, the nibs are thoroughly polished. Mr. Bock showed us two ways that the nibs can receive their final high gloss finish. One method looks similar to an old-fashioned ice freezer ... without the cold. Loose nibs are dumped into a cylindrical container filled with what looks like thick pancake batter. A paddle rotates in the container, stirring a slurry of walnut shells in an industrial abrasive similar to toothpaste. The second method reminds me of a miniature car wash. Nibs are mounted in small holders where they rotate while moving in an orbit. As they move, the nibs are sprayed with liquid abrasive and tiny cloth wheels whirl around them polishing every surface. In either case, the results are excellent. </P>
<P>10. If the nibs are to be "two tone", an extra step is required. For example, a gold nib can have a portion of the nib decoration plated in rhodium in order to create a color contrast between the gold and silver colored metals. Typically, the part that will not be plated is masked so that the plating will not adhere to the gold in those areas. After the decorative overlay is plated, the mask is removed to reveal the original metal. This work is very challenging, so we were particularly impressed when we looked at two- tone nibs under 10x magnification and saw the precision with which it was done. </P>
<P>11. Finished nibs are cleaned, then mounted in foam holders that protect them for shipment to the fountain pen manufacturers. </P>
<P>
[attach]785[/attach]
A beautiful array of finished Pelikan nibs ready for shipment.</P>
<P>
Howard and I left the immaculate production area with the same impression. In our combined experience of more than 50 years in precision manufacturing, we have seldom seen such an impressive display of engineering ingenuity. Otto Bock and his team have labored for decades to invent and improve their manufacturing processes to a point where their nibs are of the highest quality at very competitive prices. </P>
<P>Years ago, many manufacturers made their own nibs. Only a handful of manufacturers still do this, and it is becoming even rarer. Similarly, the number of specialty nib manufacturers can be counted on one hand. </P>
<P>Howard and I understood that we had just seen a form of manufacturing that had evolved ... from relatively primitive methods that many could use ... to sophisticated proprietary methods that are unique in their effectiveness and efficiency. It is a classic case of 'survival of the fittest'. </P>
<P>What better way to end the day than to make some changes to the nibs that Bock makes for Bexley. Otto Bock offered his suggestions for us to consider. Great ideas. We wanted to change over from 14K to 18K nibs. "No problem", said Mr. Bock.</P>
<P>We also wanted to add a new broad stub nib to the Bexley line of nibs. We discussed nib width and flexibility, and agreed on what to do. </P>
<P>We were soon working on new "nib art" for our 18K Bexley nibs. A few sketches to shape our ideas ... a visit to Bock's CAD technician ... and, in less than an hour, a new design was approved for tooling and production. </P>
<P>As we thanked our gracious hosts for such a wonderful day, our driver pulled up to the front entrance of Peter Bock GmbH. Soon, we were back in the big BMW ... speeding toward Frankfurt ... with vivid memories of gleaming gold nibs ..."Made in Germany". </P>
<P>Copyright 2001 by Jack Leone. All Rights Reserved.</P>




<P>
本文转载于The Southern Scribe
原文连接：<a href="http://www.thesouthernscribe.com/PenArticles/Nibs.htm" target="_blank" >http://www.thesouthernscribe.com/PenArticles/Nibs.htm</A></P>

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-5-6 1:36:23编辑过]

作者: long37    时间: 2005-5-6 01:34
<>电脑翻译:</P><>笔尖制做在德国</P><>
如大的宝马汽车公司从在法兰克福的我们旅馆开走,是否以一小时 (125 mph) 速度超过 200 公里在 autobahn 上旅行会对我们是不舒服的，驾驶员深思地问。 我们看彼此,在一间糖果商店中露齿而笑相似的二个小孩, 而且在调和中答复, 没有问题 ! </P><>" 欢迎来到德国 "! 我想如我们向海德堡加速。 在少于一小时，霍华德征税， Bexley 钢笔公司的创办人中，而且我会为他们如何制造傲慢的人深入的面貌叁观彼得烈性黑啤酒 GmbH 。 我们正要见到超过 60 年的制造嘴专长的顶点。 资讯科技会证明当喜爱钢笔的人梦。 </P><>我们亲切地被拥有者，玫瑰汕烈性黑啤酒 , 和他的助手， Karin Bauschulte 致敬了。 身为古典的钢笔搜集家，霍华德和我热切于和他们谈论钢笔工业的他们十年的经验。 </P><>图1：通往烈性黑啤酒 GmbH 的总部入口。 烈性黑啤酒是姓
创办人。 资讯科技因此用德国语也意谓 " 公羊 " 像。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

就如我们闲谈的,玫瑰汕烈性黑啤酒解释了公司在 1939 年四月被他的父亲，彼得发现了。 一个十个人的开始职员产生了高质量, 手制作的金色傲慢的人对于一些钢笔制造业者在海德堡区域中。 </P><>身为一个年轻的男孩，玫瑰汕烈性黑啤酒被他的父亲工厂的工作令人入神了。当他在 1950 年代早期中完成了他的机械工程研究的时候,他突然开始自动化已经正在烈性黑啤酒发生的工作。 这投资导致生意的相当多的生长 , 和一个 120个人的职员。</P><>就如玫瑰汕烈性黑啤酒在过去 50 年以来追忆有关钢笔业的事,他提到了今天是熟悉的商标 , 连同已经变得历史的部份一些。 </P><>他解释了他的父亲早期的客户之一是 C. Josef Lamy ， Lamy 钢笔公司的创办人。 Lamy 先生有了主意把广告放在为邮件的售卖提供钢笔的德国报纸。Lamy 先生会接受支付命令,集合被请求的钢笔,然后直接地对他的客户装船运送他们。 这有特色的方式建造如一个可靠的制造业者的 Lamy's 的名誉,为它的长成功提供基础。 在跟着发生数年中， Lamy 已经对它制造它自己傲慢的人大部分的点生长。 然而，当特制傲慢的人被需要的时候,烈性黑啤酒继续它服务 Lamy's 的需要长传统。 </P><>烈性黑啤酒先生提到了关于一个他以另外的一家海德堡公司， Mutschler 有的连接稍微已知的事实。 菲力浦 Mutschler ， Mutschler 钢笔工厂的创办人, 是玫瑰汕烈性黑啤酒的叔父 (他的母亲兄弟) 。 在 1980 年代中， Mutschler 转变了它的从钢笔到傲慢的人焦点, 而且购买了嘴制造业来自 Degussa 公司的能力。 Mutschler 是现在作生意的嘴一个烈性黑啤酒的竞争者。 </P><P>他取消了来自海德堡区域的有趣家庭之间的连结二家钢笔公司。 在 1920 年代和 1930 年代， Boehler 和 Osmia 的时候是众所周知的德国商标。 (停车在  1930 后期期间被拥有 Osmia 数年的钢笔's。 稀罕的现在停车-Osmia Duofolds 那时被生产。 )</P><P>Osmia 钢笔为什么有时清楚地与部份一起发现的搜集家已经怀疑的现代分类了 Boehler 。 资讯科技时常被假定这些配合错误部份是比较迟修理的结果。 就如烈性黑啤酒先生取消的,Boehler 和 Osmia 公司被兄弟拥有了,兄弟有时候为彼此钢笔制造了部份。 这解释为什么有若干的以 Boehler 部份来自工厂的 Osmia 钢笔。 </P><P>在那些数天中，烈性黑啤酒提供傲慢的人给若干的钢笔公司。 在海德堡区域中有四个客户: Boehler ， Kaweco ， Luxor 和 Osmia。 其他的商标包括了来自 Wueppertal 的 Buschle Kompaktor,来自汉堡市的破坏及反罢工的人,来自汉诺威的 Geha,来自 Leipzig 的 Mekurit,来自总数的叁议院议员-Biberau, 和来自波恩的 Soennecken。 烈性黑啤酒的输出品生意在伯明罕中有马里恩钢笔公司, 英国</P><P>我们到处一起吃吃的笑无论它正在销售智能或正直的扭歪幽默,那造成来自被称为争论的柏林钢笔商标。 (资讯科技用德国语和英国人有相同的意义)。 烈性黑啤酒先生告诉了他们如何藉由装在开车的样板 T 福特的屋顶上的他们钢笔的一个大复制品在市场上销售了他们的商标有关由于商标， " 争论 ",在车辆的边上大信中写。 </P><P>身为一个很多钢笔公司的供应者的烈性黑啤酒传统今天继续。 当我们说话, 我看透过一个傲慢的人那一个烈性黑啤酒的样品情形现在生产。 资讯科技为 31 不同钢笔的商标包含了烈性黑啤酒傲慢的人。 在他们之中是众所周知的德国人和意大利钢笔制造业者的傲慢人。。。 时常被假定制造所有的他们自己傲慢的人一些。 </P><P>因为装尖头-成功的因素如此被特殊化,嘴制造业者已经发现发明他们自己的仪器和程序是必需的。 在过去六十年期间，烈性黑啤酒的成功岩床已经是它的能力以有柔性又有成本效益的方式生产高质量傲慢的人。 玫瑰汕烈性黑啤酒的强烈感情是不断地发明较好的方法达成精密和被需要做这的多种变化。 </P><P>
图2：技术人员使仪器过去一直制造傲慢的人烈性黑啤酒 GmbH 机械工厂。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</P><P>在这精神中，我们让我们的旅游从在他们制造制造傲慢的人仪器的机械工厂中开始。 </P><P>烈性黑啤酒先生解释了他如何亲自地和钢笔制造业者工作为他们的傲慢人定义规格。 大多数的客户藉由为完成的嘴外表提供艺术品开始。 然而，如果他们如此愿,烈性黑啤酒有能力也生产设计。 </P><P>一支钥匙变数是如何僵硬或有柔性的嘴是。 我们了解了那,和传统的智能相反， 18 克拉傲慢的人不是固有地比 14 克拉傲慢的人更有柔性。 资讯科技多仰赖黄金如何已经被调和, 和嘴的形状,超过金色的内容。</P><P>
图3：一个工具和一钢模制造者使用一个电的测量
装置检查嘴一钢模的宽容。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

一经规格被使结束, 用工具工作被生产为那种特性装尖头。 我们特别地被令人入神看一个熟练的技术人员制造一钢模被用产生傲慢的人精确形状 , 连同装饰的 " 嘴艺术 " 。 他用了精密电子的测量仪器确定完成的傲慢人将会遇见设计规格。 一次用工具工作准备好 ,很多的制造业的步骤能开始。 </P><P>在世界上钢笔，大约 10 次和钢一样多的傲慢人被生产如金色的傲慢人。 然而，以财政的期限口吻，照片是相当不同的。金色的傲慢人为一个嘴生产更多收入-制造者自通常的他们之后像钢的一些一样的很多值超过 50 次。 </P><P>我们见到被做的金色傲慢的人, 和有学问的程序对于成功的因素钢傲慢的人本质上是相同的。 </P><P>这里是 11个步骤，当烈性黑啤酒正在制造金色的傲慢人时候，我们观察。</P><P>1. 黄金过去一直使傲慢的人以形式到达长的,进入大的卷物之内的圆平坦的黄金乐团。 金色的乐团略微比较宽的超过完成的嘴长度。 资讯科技是比较厚的在将会变成嘴的写作结束 , 和在将会进入区段之内被插入的边上稀释剂的边上。 (这节省在昂贵的黄金上的钱而且考虑到嘴的较好适宜进区段之内)。 金色的乐团已经被对待提供柔性和被需要组成适当的傲慢人坚硬的组合。 </P><P>2. 我们看了联合伸展和进入打卡下班嘴空格的杂志报纸之内的饲养黄金。同时， " 呼吸者洞 " 被挖，而且平坦的空格与他们的 " 装尖头艺术 " 一起印刷。 (装饰，理法，嘴大小, 克拉黄金的内容) </P><P>图4：这举例说明嘴如何留空白一条材料的乐团被彻底消除并且形成。
注意那 " 嘴艺术" 在现阶段被产生。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</P><P>3.然后，嘴空格被插入进入新闻媒体之内使用 25 吨的压力形成金色的傲慢人进他们的最后凸状形状之内。 </P><P>图5：技术人员操作产生被弯的嘴表面的新闻媒体。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</P><P>4. 一个铱的小球被焊接到在嘴的点上软黄金。 球的大小决定嘴的宽度。 顶端材料普遍被称为铱, 但是实际上是来自金属的白金家庭的一个各种不同金属的合金。 一特别地-设计焊接机器会确定非常硬铱顶端坚固被附上到那相对地软的黄金嘴的挑战电抵抗。 结果是能抵抗如嘴横过纸的滑许多年的磨灭顶端。 </P><P>5. 研磨机器,由烈性黑啤酒发明,塑造嘴顶端的底部，顶端和边。 我们记得因为它是，一些嘴制造业者不完成顶端的顶端不碰触报纸。烈性黑啤酒傲慢的人是如此的好在顶端上完成以致于你能翻倒嘴并且几乎总是以嘴的最高表面写! </P><P>6.一个裂缝从顶端到嘴的呼吸者洞被剪使用一个钻石切断磁盘片没有更厚地超过一根人类的头发。 这一部机器, 被烈性黑啤酒也发明,是一个工程设计的奇异事物。 资讯科技是如此的精确以致于设计者能产生 " 嘴艺术"那仰赖裂缝精确地在嘴的中央中。 我们看现代的 Pelikan 黄金嘴, 哪里见到是容易的假如裂缝是，装饰的式样被破坏切断-中心。 </P><P>7. 一经嘴被分离,另外的磨操作为写表现给两者顶端的边最好的形状。 资讯科技是另外的工程奇异的事物见到傲慢的人做在推的人上复杂的跳舞只是达成正确的形状。 烈性黑啤酒先生提供了他的 10 x 放大镜，以便我们可以大略看过完成的描绘。 Karin Bauschulte 说,藉由她的声音闪烁," 技术上的期限像宝贝的被成形底部的". </P><P>
图6：一个技术人员运行一次 fina 质量检验。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

8.我们看一个技术人员轮流一个傲慢的人容器并且电子地测量每一个确定嘴宽度符合了烈性黑啤酒的紧质量标准。 资讯科技是对格言那一个质量的一个圣约一定被建造在。 在嘴后的嘴被完全地制造规格。 没有人必须被拒绝。 </P><P>9. 下一个,傲慢的人彻底擦亮。 烈性黑啤酒先生给我们看二个方法傲慢的人能接受他们的最后高光彩完成。 一个方法看起来相似到一个旧式的冰冰库。。。 没有寒冷。 解放傲慢的人被倾卸进入一个圆筒形的容器之内由于看起来像厚的薄烤饼打击手一样的东西填充。桨在容器中替换, 活泼的一个胡桃的泥浆去壳在一工业的磨平类似牙膏。 第二个方法使我想起小规模的汽车洗。 当搬进一个轨道的时候，傲慢的人被装在他们替换的小持有人中。 就如他们移动的, 傲慢的人与液体的研磨剂和极小的布料一起喷雾旋转回旋在他们周围抛光每一表面的。 在任一情况，结果是优良的。 </P><P>10. 如果傲慢的人是 " 二个明暗 ",一个额外的步骤被需要。 举例来说，一个金色的嘴为了要产生那金色的和银彩色的金属之间的一个彩色差别 , 能在铑中让嘴装饰的部分镀金。 典型地，将不是镀金的部份是戴假面具的，以便电镀将不在那些区域中黏附在黄金。 在装饰的复盖之后是镀金的,假面具被移动显示最初的金属。 这一个工作非常挑战性，因此，当我们看在 10 x 扩大下面的两颜色的傲慢人而且见到了它一起做的精密时候，我们特别地被有印象。 </P><P>11. 完成的傲慢人被清理, 然后装在为装船对钢笔制造业者保护他们的泡沫持有人中。 </P><P>图7：完成 Pelikan 傲慢的人美丽排列为装船预备。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</P><P>霍华德和我用相同的印象离开无污垢的制造区域。 在精密制造业的我们超过 50 年的合作经验中，我们很少没有见到如此的一个工程智巧的令人印象深刻展览。 玫瑰汕烈性黑啤酒和他的队已经劳动长达数十年之久以非常竞争的价格发明而且改善对他们的傲慢人是有最高的质量点他们的制造业程序。 </P><P>数年以前，许多制造业者制造了他们自己的傲慢人。 只有一把制造业者仍然做这，而且它正在变得甚至比较稀罕。 同样地，特制嘴制造业者的数字能被一方面计算。 </P><P>霍华德和我了解我们刚刚才见到一种已经进展的制造业的形式。。。 从多数可以使用的相对原始的方法。。。 到独特的复杂专有的方法在他们的效力和效率方面。 资讯科技是一个 '最适当的生存' 的第一流情形。 </P><P>结束那天什么较好的方法超过作一些变化给烈性黑啤酒对 Bexley 有益的傲慢人。 玫瑰汕烈性黑啤酒提供了他的提议让我们考虑。 大师主意。 我们想要从 14 K 到 18 K 傲慢的人变更。 没有问题,烈性黑啤酒先生说。</P><P>我们也想要把一根新的宽广断株嘴加入傲慢的人 Bexley 线。 我们讨论了嘴宽度和柔性, 而且在该做什么上同意。 </P><P>我们正在很快为我们的 18 K Bexley 傲慢的人处理新的 " 嘴艺术 " 。 一些素描塑造我们的主意。。。 对烈性黑啤酒的卑鄙男人技术人员的一次拜访。。。 并且, 在小于 1 小时中，新的设计为用工具工作被核准和制造。 </P><P>就如我们为一个如此令人惊奇的日子谢谢我们的亲切主人的,我们的驾驶员对彼得烈性黑啤酒 GmbH 的前面入口拔出。 很快，我们在大的宝马汽车公司中回来。。。 向法兰克福的驾车超速。。。 藉由闪烁的生动记忆金色的傲慢人。。。" 在德国制造 " 。 </P><P>杰克利昂的版权 2001。 版权所有。</P><P>太多了,懒的一点点翻译了,大家勉强看看吧.
</P>
作者: dang23    时间: 2005-5-6 11:27
<>电脑译太词不达意了，建议懂英语的一块译译~~上次同好译英雄100篇蛮好！</P>
作者: 拾壹    时间: 2005-5-6 11:58
<>电脑翻译，倒。。。哈哈哈哈，凭老大的英文水准。。。懒。。。那年出产的全是一个德行。。。</P>
作者: hua    时间: 2005-5-6 13:12
呵呵!看起来是有点别扭,但是基本还能看明白,LONG大辛苦!
作者: 韦伯猫    时间: 2005-5-6 22:19
以前看过，反正现在的pelikan笔尖都是他们生产的。
作者: 韦伯猫    时间: 2005-5-7 00:15
<>One key variable is how stiff or flexible the nib is to be. We learned that, contrary to conventional wisdom, 18 carat nibs are not inherently more flexible than 14 carat nibs. It depends more on how the gold has been tempered, and the shape of the nib, than the gold content.</P><>以上这句话值得大家充分学习和领会阿。翻译：</P><>笔尖的软硬是非常重要的一个参数。我们认识到，和常识相反，18K的笔尖并不比14K的更加柔软。这首先取决于金子如何淬火的，其次是笔尖的形状，最后才是金含量。</P>
作者: long37    时间: 2005-5-7 00:44
哈哈.猫哥有空把它都翻了啊.
作者: 韦伯猫    时间: 2005-5-7 00:47
<DIV class=quote><B>以下是引用<I>long37</I>在2005-5-7 0:44:39的发言：</B>
哈哈.猫哥有空把它都翻了啊.</DIV>

晕，我上班之后，就已经厌烦给别人做翻译了。
作者: 拾壹    时间: 2005-5-7 01:11
<b><FONT color=#000066>韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫韦伯猫</FONT></b>
作者: 韦伯猫    时间: 2005-5-7 01:13
标题: 转贴:德国Bock GmbH笔尖代工厂访谈
[em04][em04][em04]咋啦？



欢迎光临 钢笔论坛 (http://penbbs.com/) Powered by Discuz! X3.2